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Macropsychanthus wilsonii

(Standl.) L.P.Queiroz & Snak (2020)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Macropsychanthus

maunaloa, sea bean, Wilson's clusterpea

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Climbing or trailing lianas.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound. Alternate. Leaflets elliptic, 10–15 cm long, 7–9 cm wide. Upper surfaces glossy; lower surfaces dull, appressed pubescent. Leaflet margins entire. Lateral veins conspicuous, equidistant. Petiolate. Stipules weakly peltate, subpersistent.

Flowers: Flowers subsessile, ca. 20 mm long, in pseudoracemes 20–50 cm long, upper ½ with upcurved, short, thick flowering stems ca. 5 mm long. Flowers papilionaceous. Calyx subpersistent, Calyx 5-lobed, the upper 2 teeth partly connate. Corolla purple, keel shorter than wings, reflexed, auriculate at base, keel petals incurved. Stamens 5 fertile anthers alternating with 5 reduced ones. Stamens 10, 9 of them connate into a tube, the upper stamen distinct at base, connate to the tube at middle; anthers medifixed. Ovary superior; style incurved, thickened, glabrous apically; stigma capitate, terminal.

Fruit: Pods 7–13 cm long; 5–7 cm wide; with 2 ridges along the upper suture; densely tomentose in younger stages; glabrous when ripe. Seeds 2–3; dark brown; lenticular; 18–20 mm in diameter; with an oblong hilum over ½; the circumference of the seed.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Dry to mesic coastal areas.

Elevation Range: 5–45 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Indigenous

Island Status

Kaua'i Indigenous
O'ahu Indigenous
Maui Indigenous
Hawai'i Indigenous

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 5-45 m
  • Description digitized by Rafael Domingo
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii

Bibliography

Name Published In: PhytoKeys 164: 105 (2020)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:670 (K, H [as Dioclea wilsonii]); Oppenheimer 2019:6 (EM); Queiroz & Snak 2020:105 (COMBNOV, Syn. D. wilsonii = M. wilsonii); Nagata 1985:42 (status change from nat? to ind as first collected 1825 [a European introduction unlikely as only supertramp weeds and edible plants introduced so early])

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Kona, Kealakekua Preserved_Specimen Carlson, N.K. Hawaii BISH 1954-04-27
2 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo, Unlinuai Ave Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 620 Hawaii BISH 1864-01-01
3 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
4 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH 1870-01-01
5 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1916-01-01
6 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Kalihikai Trailing & climbing on steep bank. Preserved_Specimen Lvs above dark, shiny green, below olive green; infl. & calyx blackish purple appressed pubescent; corolla rose magenta tipped, whitish below. St.John, H. 24918 Kauai BISH 1952-12-30
7 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo, Rainbow Falls Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. 1056 Hawaii BISH 1908-01-19
8 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Near Wailua Falls Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 496 Kauai BISH 1916-10-05
9 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Koloa Dist.; Kalaheo, Olu Pua Botanical Garden Trained on trellis. Preserved_Specimen Vine; stems 2 thick; lvs glossy medium green w/sunken veins, below pale green w/raised veins, ca. glossy, new lvs glossy, rusty brown; inflo. erect, buds dark purplish black, petals purple, stamdard reflexed/with pale yellow basal patch; fragrant (12 noon). Flynn, T.W. 5829 Kauai BISH 1995-07-28
10 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Waiakea; ca. 0.5 mile inland from Leleiwi Pt Disturbed guava-Leucaena area. Preserved_Specimen Flws deep purple. Herbst, D.R. 4085 Hawaii BISH 1974-08-15
11 Macropsychanthus wilsonii S Hilo District, near Waiakea Stream Naturalized in alien forest. Preserved_Specimen High-climbing vines w. dark purple flowers. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70140 Hawaii BISH 2001-07-31
12 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo, Waiakea, Strong channel where it passes through U.H. Hilo Campus Preserved_Specimen Moderate sized vines scrambling through trees and dense brush, racmes stout and woody 16 cm. long, raceme, peduncles, calyces black, flowers dark purple with yellow eye Hobdy, R.W. 4344 Hawaii BISH 2012-11-15
13 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hamakua Coast, above Onomea Bay along the old scenic drive just below the Carlsmith residence Growing over a thicket of mixed exotic shrubs (Miconia calvescens & Tetrastigma voinieranum are common here). Preserved_Specimen Infrut. borne erect; pods immature, quite woody. Herbst, D.R. 9277 Hawaii BISH 1991-01-09
14 Macropsychanthus wilsonii S Hilo District, near Waiakea Stream Naturalized in alien forest. Preserved_Specimen high-climbing vines w. dark purple flowers. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70140 Hawaii BISH 2001-07-31
15 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Wailua Homesteads; Holo Ohana Rd., off Olohena rd On bank below road, spreading across grass, through shrubs & up trees. Preserved_Specimen Stems bright yellow-green w/red-brown to dark brown hairs. Leaf: bracts red-brown; rachis pale green to rusty to dark purple brown (from hairs); blade above bright glossy green, below more bluish-green, duller, the veins w/rusty hairs. Inflor: rachis of pale to dark green, dull, w/sparse to thick dark purple hairs, bracts rusty; flws showy, mostly velvety black-purple, when open interior parts bright violet, the inflor. spike above appears spotted w/white dots against nearly black background because 2 white markings on either. Hume, L. 514 Kauai BISH 1990-09-04
16 Macropsychanthus wilsonii S Hilo District, near Waiakea Stream Naturalized in alien forest. Preserved_Specimen high-climbing vines w. dark purple flowers. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70140 Hawaii BISH 2001-07-31
17 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Kalihikai Trailing & climbing on steep bank. Preserved_Specimen Lvs above dark, shiny green, below olive green; infl. & calyx blackish purple appressed pubescent; corolla rose magenta tipped, whitish below. St.John, H. 24918 Kauai BISH 1952-12-30
18 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hanalei Dist.; Waipa ahupuaa SW of Waipa stream Pasture land & secondary forest giving way to Metrosideros dominated near base of ridge that forms natural boundry of area. Quite common along stream. Preserved_Specimen Liana in common guava & Acacia koa. Lvs dark glossy green above, dull, paler below w/brownish hairs on veins. Petals in bud appear to be pink & white. Flynn, T.W. 3221 Kauai BISH 1988-12-02
19 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Koolau Mts, Waimano loop trail. Mesic forest partial shade moving into full sun as it reaches canopy. Growing in nonnative mango-lauae forest. Associates; Schinus terebinthifolia, Microsorum grossum, Paederia foetida, Uncaria tomentosa, Mangifera indica, Nephrolepis brownii, Hibiscus tiliaceous Preserved_Specimen Vining plant crawling well into 10 m range up mature mango trees. Flowers purple. Stiff rust like hairs covering vine. Soft hairs covering underside of leaves. K. Arthur 197 Oahu BISH 2025-10-30
20 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Kalihikai Trailing & climbing on steep bank. Preserved_Specimen Lvs above dark, shiny green, below olive green; infl. & calyx blackish purple appressed pubescent; corolla rose magenta tipped, whitish below. St.John, H. 24918 Kauai BISH 1952-12-30
21 Macropsychanthus wilsonii East Maui, Hana District, Nahiku. Preserved_Specimen High climbing vines in alien vegetation along disturbed roadside. Oppenheimer, H.L. 61206 Maui BISH 2012-06-19
22 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1916-01-01
23 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Kauai Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 673 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
24 Macropsychanthus wilsonii Hilo, Rainbow Falls Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 524 Hawaii BISH 1915-05-16
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